Bibliography of the First Crusade (1095-1099)

compiled by

 Alan V. Murray

Institute for Medieval Studies, University of Leeds

A.V.Murray@leeds.ac.uk

© Alan V. Murray 2004

This is a classified bibliography which covers the main sources, events, personalities and themes of the First Crusade, as well as providing some basic reading on its ideological and political background.

An outline of the bibliography is given below. In the sections on sources and commentary, editions and trans­lations are grouped together first, and followed by secondary works. Frequently cited collective works such as Festschriften,  collected essays and conference papers are normally given in abbreviated form; full publication details of such works are given at section 1.2. Where relevant, cross-references are given at the end of sections.

OUTLINE OF BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. GENERAL WORKS

1.1. Bibliography

1.2. The Crusades in General (including frequently cited works)

1.3. The First Crusade in General

2. SOURCES AND COMMENTARY

2.1. Western Sources

1. General - 2. Albert of Aachen - 3. Baldric of Dol - 4. Chronicle of Zimmern - 5. Ekkehard of Aura - 6. Fulcher of Chartres - 7. Gesta Francorum - 8. Guibert of Nogent -  9. Orderic Vitalis - 10. Peter Tudebode - 11. Radulph of Caen - 12. Raymond of Aguilers - 13. Robert the Monk - 14. William of Malmesbury - 15. William of Tyre - 16. Other Sources - 17. Documents

2.2. Greek Sources

      1. Anna Komnene - 2. John Zonaras

2.3. Hebrew Sources

2.4. Armenian Sources

2.5. Syriac Sources

      1. General - 2. Anonymous Syriac Chronicle - 3. Bar Hebraeus - 4. Michael the Syrian

2.6. Arabic Sources

      1. General - 2. Ibn al-Athir - 3. Ibn al-Qalanisi - 4. Kamal al-Din

3. ORIGINS OF THE CRUSADE

3.1. The Middle East

      1. General - 2. Armenia - 3. Byzantium - 4. Fatimids - 5. Seljuks

3.2. Crusading Ideology

      1. General - 2. Holy War - 3. Pilgrimage - Jerusalem - 5. Attitudes to Islam

3.3. Urban II and the Council of Clermont

4. COMPOSITION OF THE CRUSADE

4.1. Motivation

4.2. Recruitment and Participation

4.3. Individual Leaders

1. Adhemar of Le Puy - 2. Baldwin of Boulogne - 3. Bohemond – 3a. Daibert of Pisa - 4. Eustace of Boulogne - 5. Godfrey of Bouillon - 6. Hugh of Vermandois - 7. Peter the Hermit - 8. Raymond of Saint-Gilles - 9. Robert of Flanders - 10. Robert of Normandy - 11. Stephen of Blois - 12.  Tancred

5. THE COURSE OF THE CRUSADE

5.1. The People’s Expeditions

5.2. Stages of the Crusade

5.3. The Crusade and the Jews

5.4. The Crusade and Byzantium

5.5. Individual Aspects

      1. Military Aspects - 2. The Holy Lance - 3. The Poor - 4. Death and Martyrdom - 5. Religious and Social Aspects

5.6. The Frankish Settlements in Outremer

5.7. The Crusade of 1101

1. GENERAL WORKS

1.1. BIBLIOGRAPHY

ATIYA, Aziz S., The Crusade: Historiography and Bibliography (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962).

International Medieval Bibliography, ed. Robert S. HOYT, Peter H. SAWYER et al. (Leeds: International Medieval Bibliography, 1967-) [“Crusades” section]

MAYER, Hans Eberhard, Bibliographie zur Geschichte der Kreuz­züge (Hannover: Hahn, 1960).

MAYER, Hans Eberhard, “Literaturbericht über die Geschichte der Kreuzzüge”, Historische Zeitschrift Sonderheft 3 (1969), 641-731.

MAYER, Hans Eberhard; McLELLAN, Joyce, “Select bibliography of the crusades”, in A History of the Crusades, ed. SETTON, 6: 511-664.

1.2. THE CRUSADES IN GENERAL  (including frequently cited  works)

Atlas of the Crusades, ed. Jonathan RILEY-SMITH (London: Times Books, 1991).

Autour de la Première Croisade: Actes du Colloque de la Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East (Clermont-Ferrand, 22-25 juin 1995), ed. Michel BALARD (Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1996).

CAHEN, Claude, Orient et Occident aux temps des croisades (Paris: Aubier Montaigne, 1983).

Le Concile de Clermont de 1095 et l’appel à la croisade: Actes du Colloque Univer­sitaire International de Clermont-Ferrand (23-25 juin 1995) (Rome: l’Ecole française de Rome, 1997).

La Croisade - Réalités et fictions. Actes du Colloque d’Amiens 18-22 mars 1987, ed. Danielle BUSCHINGER (Göp­pingen: Kümmerle, 1989).

Crusade and Settlement: Papers Read at the First Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East and presented to R.C. Smail, ed. Peter W. EDBURY (Cardiff: University College Cardiff Press, 1985).

Crusaders and Muslims in Twelfth-Century Syria, ed. Maya SHATZMILLER (Leiden: Brill, 1993).

The Crusades and Other Historical Essays presented to Dana C. Munro by his Former Students, ed. Louis J. PAETOW (New York: F. S. Crofts, 1928).

The Crusades and Their Sources: Essays Presented to Bernard Hamilton, ed. John FRANCE and William G. ZAJAC (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998).

The Crusades: Other Experiences, Alternate Perspectives. Selected Proceedings from the 32nd Annual CEMERS Conference, ed. Khalil I. SEMAAN (Binghamton: Global Academic Publishing).

Les Epopées de la Croisade. Premier colloque international (Trèves, 6-11 août 1984), ed. Karl-Heinz BENDER and Hermann KLEBER (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1987).

ERP, Antonius Hendrikus van, Gesta Francorum, gesta Dei? Motivering en recht­vaardiging van de eerste kruistochten door tijdgenoten en moslimse reactie (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1982).

Der Erste Kreuzzug 1096 und seine Folgen: Die Verfolgung von Juden im Rheinland (Düsseldorf: Archiv der Evangelischen Kirche im Rheinland, 1996).

The Experience of Crusading, ed. Marcus BULL, Norman HOUSLEY, Peter EDBURY and Jonathan PHILLIPS, 2 vols (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).

The First Crusade: Origins and Impact, ed. Jonathan P. PHILLIPS (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997).

From Clermont to Jerusalem: The Crusades and Crusader Societies, 1095-1500, ed. Alan V. MURRAY (Turnhout: Brepols, 1998).

Gendering the Crusades, ed. Susan B. EDGINGTON and Susan LAMBERT (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2001).

Historians of the Middle East, ed. Bernard LEWIS and P. M. HOLT (London: Oxford University Press, 1962).

A History of the Crusades, ed. Kenneth M. SETTON et al., 6 vols, 2nd edn (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1969-89).

The Horns of Hattin: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East, Jerusalem and Haifa, 2-6 July 1987, ed. Benjamin Z. KEDAR (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society/Variorum, 1992).

JASPERT, Nikolas, Die Kreuzzüge (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2003).

Jerusalem im Hoch- und Spätmittelalter. Konflikte und Konfliktbewältigung – Vorstellungen und Vergegenwärtigungen, ed. Dieter BAUER, Klaus HERBERS and Nikolas JASPERT (Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag, 2001).

H KuproV kai oi StaurojorieV: Oi AnakoinwseiV tou DieqnouV Sumposiou “H KuproV kai oi StaurojorieV”, Leukwsia, 6-9 Settembriou 1994 / Cyprus and the Crusades: Papers Given at the International Conference “Cyprus and the Crusades”, Nicosia, 6-9 September, 1994, ed. Nicholas COUREAS and Jonathan RILEY-SMITH (Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre, 1995).

The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange between East and West During the Period of the Crusades, ed. Vladimir P. GOSS (Kalamazoo, Michigan: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 1986).

“Militia Christi” e Crociata nei secoli XI-XIII: Atti della undecima Settimana inter­nazionale di studio, Mendola, 28 agosto - 1 settembre 1989 (Milano: Vita e Pensiero, 1992).

Outremer: Studies in the History of the Crusading Kingdom of Jerusalem presented to Joshua Prawer, ed. Benjamin Z. KEDAR, Hans Eberhard MAYER and R. C. SMAIL (Jerusalem, Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1982).

Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades, ed. Jonathan RILEY-SMITH (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995).

MAYER, Hans Eberhard, Geschichte der Kreuzzüge, 8th edn (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1995).

MÖHRING, Hans, “Kreuzzug und Dschihad in der mediaevistischen und oriental­ischen Forschung 1965-1985”, Innsbrucker historische Studien 10-11 (1988), 361-86 [survey of research].

Piacenza e la prima crociata, ed. Pierre RACINE (Piacenza: Diabasis, 1995).

RICHARD, Jean, Histoire des croisades (Paris: Fayard, 1996).

RILEY-SMITH, Jonathan S. C., “History, the crusades and the Latin East, 1095-1204: A personal view”, in Crusaders and Muslims in Twelfth-Century Syria, pp. 1-17 [survey of research].

RUNCIMAN, Steven, A History of the Crusades, 3 vols (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1951-54).

War and Society in the Eastern Mediterranean, 7th-15th Centuries, ed. Yaacov LEV (Leiden: Brill, 1997).

1.3. THE FIRST CRUSADE IN GENERAL

ARMANSKI, Gerhard, Es begann in Clermont: Der erste Kreuzzug und die Genese der Gewalt in Europa (Pfaffen­weiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1995).

BRANDT, Coenraad D. J., Kruisvarders naar Jeruzalem: Geschiedenis van de eerste kruistocht (Utrecht: W. de Haan, 1950).

CAHEN, Claude, “An introduction to the First Crusade”, Past and Present 6 (1954), 6-29.

CHALANDON, Ferdinand, Histoire de la première croisade jusqu’à l’élection de Godefroi de Bouillon (Paris: Picard, 1925).

EDGINGTON, Susan B., The First Crusade (London: Historical Association, 1996).

EDGINGTON, Susan, “The First Crusade in post-war fiction”, in The Experience of Crusading, 1: Western Approaches, ed. Marcus Bull and Norman Housley (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 255-80.

FLORI, Jean, “L’idea di crociata”, in Piacenza e la prima crociata, pp. 15-33.

FLORI, Jean, La Première Croisade: L’Occident chrétien contre l’Islam (Paris: Editions Complexe, 1992).

FRANCE, John, “Les origines de la Première Croisade: un nouvel examen”, in Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 43-56.

FRANCE, John, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994) [despite title, a detailed general history of the expedition].

HAGENMEYER, Heinrich, “Chronologie de la première croisade 1094-1100”, ROL 6 (1898), 214-93, 490-549, 7 (1899), 275-399, 430-503, 8 (1900-1), 318-82.

HEERS, Jacques, “Le implicaziono economiche della prima crociata”, in Piacenza e la prima crociata, pp. 103-24.

HEERS, Jacques, Libérer Jérusalem: La Première Croisade, 1095-1107 (Paris: Perrin, 1995).

HIESTAND, Rudolf, “Der Erste Kreuzzug in der Welt des ausgehenden 11. Jahr­hunderts”, in Der Erste Kreuzzug 1096 und seine Folgen, pp. 1-36.

RILEY-SMITH, Jonathan S. C., The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading (London: Athlone Press, 1986).

RILEY-SMITH, Jonathan S. C., The First Crusaders, 1095-1131 (Cambridge: Cambridge Univer­­­sity Press, 1997).

RÖHRICHT, Reinhold, Geschichte des Ersten Kreuzzuges (Innsbruck: Wagner’sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, 1901).

ROUSSET, Paul, Les origines et les caractères de la Première Croisade (Neuchâtel: Ed. de la Baconnière, 1945).

WARD, John O., “Disaster and disaster-response in a medieval context: The First Crusade”, in Disasters: Image and Context, ed. Peter HINTON (Sydney: Sydney Association for Studies in Culture, 1992), pp. 105-40.

2. SOURCES AND COMMENTARY 

2.1. WESTERN SOURCES

2.1.1. GENERAL

Recueil des historiens des croisades. Historiens Occidentaux, 5 vols (Paris: Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 1841-1906) [cited as RHC Occ.]

Chronicles of the Crusades, ed. Elizabeth HALLAM (London: Weidenfeld, 1989) [contains numerous translated extracts from sources].

The First Crusade: The Chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres and Other Source Material, trans. Edward PETERS (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1971).

BALARD, Michel, “Gesta Dei per Francos: L’usage du mot ‘francs’ dans les chroniques de la première croisade”, in  Clovis: Histoire & mémoire. Le baptême de Clovis, son écho à travers l’histoire, ed. Michel ROUCHE (Paris: Presses de l’Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 1997), pp. 473-84.

BOEHM, Laetitia, “Gesta Dei per Francos - oder Gesta Francorum: Die Kreuzzüge als historiographisches Problem”, Saeculum 8 (1957), 43-81.

COLE, Penny J., “Christians, Muslims and the ‘liberation of the Holy Land’”, Catholic Historical Review 84 (1998), 1-10.

ELM, Kaspar, “Die Eroberung Jerusalems im Jahre 1099. Ihre Darstellung, Beurteilung und Deutung in den Quellen zur Geschichte des Ersten Kreuzzugs”, in Jerusalem im Hoch- und Spätmittelalter, pp. 31-45.

FRANCE, John, “The Anonymous Gesta Francorum and the Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem of Raymond of Aguilers and the Historia de Hierosolymitano Itinere of Peter Tudebode”, in The Crusades and Their Sources, 39-69.

GOETZ, Hans-Werner, “Der Erste Kreuzzug im Spiegel der deutschen Geschichtsschreibung”, in Auslandsbeziehungen unter den salischen Kaisern: Geistige Auseinandersetzung und Politik, ed. Franz STAAB (Speyer: Verlag der Pfälzischen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften, 1994), pp. 139-62.

JACOBSEN, Peter Christian, “Die Eroberung von Jerusalem in der mittellateinsischen Dichtung”, in Jerusalem im Hoch- und Spätmittelalter, pp. 335-366.

LEVINE, Robert, “The pious traitor: rhetorical reinventions of the fall of Antioch”, Mittellateinisches Jahrbuch 33 (1998), 59-80.

LUCHITSKAYA [given as LOUCHITSKAJA], Svetlana Igorevna, “Barbarae nationes: les peuples musulmans dans les chroniques de la Première Croisade”, in Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 99-107.

MURRAY, Alan V., “Coroscane: Homeland of the Saracens in the Chansons de geste and the historiography of the crusades”, in Aspects de l’épopée romane: Mentalités - idéologies - inter­textualités, ed. Hans van DIJK and Willem NOOMEN (Groningen: Forsten, 1995), pp. 177-84.

MURRAY, Alan V., “Ethnic identity in the Crusader States: The Frankish race and the settlement of Outremer”, in Concepts of National Identity in the Middle Ages, ed. Simon FORDE, Lesley JOHNSON and Alan V. MURRAY (Leeds: Leeds Studies in English, 1995), pp. 59-73.

POWELL, James M., “Myth, legend, propaganda, history: The First Crusade, 1140 - ca. 1300”, in Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 127-41.

ZABOROV, M. A., Введение в историографию крестовых походов (латинская хронография XI-XIII веков) (Moskva: Nauka, 1966).

2.1.2. ALBERT OF AACHEN

Alberti Aquensis Historia Hierosolymitana, RHC Occ. 4: 265-713.

EDGINGTON, Susan B., “The Historia Iherosolimitana of Albert of Aachen: A critical edition” (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of London, 1991) [to be published in the series Oxford Medieval Texts].

Geschichte des ersten Kreuzzuges, trans. Herman HEFELE, 2 vols (Jena: Eugen Diederich, 1923).

BEAUMONT, André Alden, “Albert of Aachen and the County of Edessa”, in The Crusades and Other Historical Essays, pp. 101-38.

CAHEN, Claude, “A propos d’Albert d'Aix et de Richard le Pèlerin”, Le Moyen Age 96 (1990), 31-33.

EDGINGTON, Susan B., “Albert of Aachen and the chansons de geste”, in The Crusades and Their Sources, pp. 23-37.

EDGINGTON, Susan B., “Albert of Aachen reappraised”, in From Clermont to Jerusalem, pp. 55-67.

EDGINGTON, Susan B., “The First Crusade: Reviewing the evidence”, in The First Crusade: Origins and Impact, pp. 57-77.

KNOCH, Peter, Studien zu Albert von Aachen: Der 1. Kreuzzug in der deutschen Chronistik (Stuttgart: Klett, 1966).

LOHRMANN, Dietrich, “Albert von Aachen und die Judenpogrome des Jahres 1096), Zeitschrift des Aachener Geschichtsvereins 100 for 1995-96 (1996), 129-51.

MINIS, Cola, “Stilelemente in der  Kreuzzugschronik des Albert von Aachen und in der volkssprachigen Epik, besonders in der Chanson de Roland”, in Literatur und Sprache im europäischen Mittelalter: Festschrift K. Langosch, ed. Alf ÖNNERFORS, Johannes RATHOFER and Fritz WAGNER (Darm­stadt: Wissen­schaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1973), 356-63.

MORRIS, Colin, “The aims and spirituality of the crusade as seen through the eyes of Albert of Aix”, Reading Medieval Studies 16 (1990), 99-117.

MULINDER, Alec, “Albert of Aachen and the crusade of 1101”, in From Clermont to Jerusalem, pp. 69-77.

NASS, Klaus, “Wolfenbütteler Funde”, Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 49 (1993), 165-69 [a newly discovered fragment].

See also Faber (5.3), Edgington 1994a (2.1.2) 1994b (5.5.4)

2.1.3. BALDRIC OF DOL

Baldrici episcopi Dolensis Historia Jerosolimitana, RHC Occ. 4: 1-111.

GRILLO, Peter, “Vers une édition du texte français de l’Historia Jerosolimitana de Baudri de Dol”, in Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 9-16.

PETIT, Aimé, “Le camp chrétien devant Antioche dans le RPCBB”, Romania 108 (1987), 503-19

2.1.4. CHRONICLE OF ZIMMERN

Die Zimmerische Chronik, ed. Karl August BARACK, 4 vols (Tübingen: Litterar­ischer Verein in Stuttgart, 1869; 2nd edn  Freiburg im Breisgau: Akad­emische Verlagsbuchhandlung Mohr, 1881-82).

Die Chronik der Grafen von Zimmern: Handschriften 580 und 581 der Fürstlich Fürstenbergischen Hofbibliothek Donaueschingen, ed. Hansmartin DECKER-HAUFF et al., 7 vols (Konstanz: Thorbecke, 1964-)

BAUMGART, Hans, “Studien zur Zimmerschen Chronik des Grafen Froben Christoph und zur Mainzer Bistumschronik des Grafen Wilhelm Werner von Zimmern” (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Freiburg, 1923).

HAGENMEYER, Heinrich [given as Henri], “Etude sur la Chronique de Zimmern: Renseignements qu’elle fournit sur la première croisade”, Archives de l’Orient latin 2 (1884), 20-36.

JENNY, Beat Rudolf, Graf Froben Christoph von Zimmern: Geschichtsschreiber, Erzähler, Landesherr. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Humanismus in Schwaben (Konstanz: Thorbecke, 1959).

MURRAY, Alan V., “The Chronicle of Zimmern as a source for the First Crusade: The evidence of Ms. Stuttgart, Württembergische Landes­biblio­thek, Cod. Don. 580”, in The First Crusade: Origins and Impact, pp. 78-106.

MURRAY, Alan V., ‘Deutsche Anführer beim Ersten Kreuzzug in der Geschichts­­schreibung der Frühen Neuzeit. Zur Kreuzzugsdarstellung der Zimmerischen Chronik’, Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 61 (2002), 145-57.

MURRAY, Alan V., ‘Ein Herzog von Teck als Teilnehmer des Ersten Kreuzzugs? Ein Beitrag zur süddeutschen Geschichtsschreibung der Kreuzzugs­bewegung?’, in Schriftenreihe des Stadtarchivs Kirchheim unter Teck 28 (2002), 137-56.

MURRAY, Alan V., “Walther duke of Teck: The invention of a German hero of the First Crusade”, Medieval Prosopography 19 (1998), 35-54.

See also Murray 1992 (4.2)

2.1.5. EKKEHARD OF AURA

Ekkehardi abbatis Uraugiensis Hierosolymita, RHC Occ. 5: 1-40.

Frutolfs und Ekkehards Chroniken und die Anonyme Kaiserchronik [Frutolfi et Ekkehardi Chronica necnon Anonymi Chronica Imperatorum], ed. and trans. Franz-Josef SCHMALE and Irene SCHMALE-OTT (Darmstadt: Wissen­schaft­­liche Buch­gesell­schaft, 1972).

SCHMALE, Franz-Josef, “Überlieferungskritik und Editionsprinzipien der Chronik Ekkehards von Aura”, Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittel­alters 27 (1971), 110-34

2.1.6. FULCHER OF CHARTRES

Fulcher of Chartres: Chronicle of the First Crusade, trans. Martha E. McGINTY (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1941).

Fulcheri Carnotensis Historia Hierosolymitana (1095-1127), ed. Heinrich HAGEN­­MEYER (Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 1913).

Historia Iherosolymitana … auctore domno Fulcheri Carnotensi, RHC Occ. 3: 311-485.

A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem 1095-1127, tr. Frances S. RYAN, ed. Harold S. FINK (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1960).

EPP, Verena, Fulcher von Chartres: Studien zur Geschichts­schreibung des ersten Kreuzzuges (Düsseldorf: Droste, 1990).

EPP, Verena, “Miles und militia bei Fulcher von Chartres und seinen Bearbeitern”, in “Militia Christi” e Crociata nei secoli XI-XIII, pp. 769-84.

GIESE, Wolfgang, “Untersuchungen zur Historia Hierosolymitana des Fulcher von Chartres”, Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 69 (1987), 62-115.

KOHLER, Charles, “Un sermon commémoratif de la prise de Jérusalem par les croisés attribué à Foucher de Chartres”, Revue de l’Orient latin 8 (1900-1), 158-64.

WARD, John O., “Some principles of rhetorical historiography in the twelfth century”, in Classical Rhetoric and Medieval Historiography, ed. E. BREISACH (Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1985), pp. 118-45.

See also Peters 1971 (2.1.1)

2.1.7. GESTA FRANCORUM

Anonymi Gesta Francorum et aliorum Hierosolimitanorum, ed. Heinrich HAGENMEYER (Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 1890).

Gesta Francorum et aliorum Hierosolimitanorum, ed. and trans. Rosalind HILL (London: Nelson, 1962).

La Geste des Francs: Chronique anonyme de la Première Croisade, trans. Aude MATIGNON (Paris: Arléa, 1992).

Histoire anonyme de la Première Croisade, ed. and trans. Louis BRÉHIER (Paris: Champion, 1924).

BEER, Jeanette, “Heroic language and the eyewitness: The Gesta Francorum and La Chanson d’Antioche”, in Echoes of the Epic: Studies in Honor of Gerard J. Brault, ed. David P. SCHENCK and Mary Jane SCHENCK (Birmingham, Ala., 1998), pp. 1-16.

FRANCE, John, “The use of the anonymous Gesta Francorum in the early twelfth-century sources for the First Crusade”, in From Clermont to Jerusalem, pp. 29-42.

HILL, Rosalind, “Crusading warfare: A camp-follower’s view, 1097-1120”, in Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies, I, ed. R. Allen BROWN (Ipswich: Boydell & Brewer, 1979), pp. 75-83, 209-11.

KREY, August C., “A neglected passage in the Gesta and its bearing on the literature of the First Crusade”, in The Crusades and Other Historical Essays, pp. 57-78.

MORRIS, Colin, “The Gesta Francorum as narrative history”, Reading Medieval Studies 19 (1993), 55-71.

OEHLER, Hans, “Studien zu den Gesta Francorum”, Mittel­lateinisches Jahrbuch 6 (1970), 58-97.

SKOULATOS, B., “L’auteur anonyme des Gesta Francorum et aliorum Hierosol­imitanorum et le monde byzantine”, Byzantion 50 (1980), 504-32.

WITZEL, Conrad, “Le problème de l’auteur des Gesta Francorum”, Le Moyen Age 61 (1955), 319-28.

WOLF, Kenneth Baxter, “Crusade and narrative: Bohemond and the Gesta Francorum”, Journal of Medieval History 17 (1991), 207-16.

See also France (2.1.1)

2.1.8. GUIBERT OF NOGENT

Historia quae dicitur Gesta Dei per Francos, RHC Occ. 4: 113-263.

Guibertus abbas S. Mariae Nogenti, Dei gesta per Francos, ed. Robert B. C. HUYGENS, Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Mediaevalis, 127A (Turnhout: Brepols, 1996).

The Deeds of God through the Franks: A Translation of Guibert de Nogent’s Gesta Dei per Francos, trans. Robert LEVINE (Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, 1996).

Guibert de Nogent, Geste de Dieu par les Francs: Histoire de la Première Croisade, trans. Monique-Cécile GARAND (Turnhout: Brepols, 1998).

BENTON, J., “The personality of Guibert of Nogent”, Psychoanalytic Review 57 (1970-71), 563-86.

BURSTEIN, Eitan, “Quelques remarques sur le vocabulaire de Guibert de Nogent”, Cahiers de civilisation médiévale 21 (1978), 247-63.

CHAURAND, J., “La conception de l’histoire de Guibert de Nogent”, Cahiers de civilisation médiévale 8 (1965), 381-95.

COUPE, M. D., “The personality of Guibert de Nogent reconsidered”, Journal of Medieval History 9 (1983), 317-29.

GARAND, Monique-Cécile, “Le scriptorium de Guibert de Nogent”, Scriptorium 31 (1977), 3-29.

HUYGENS, Robert B. C., La Tradition manuscrite de Guibert de Nogent (Steenbrugis: Abbatia S. Petri, 1991).

LEVINE, Robert, “Satiric vulgarity in Guibert of Nogent's Gesta Dei per Francos”, Rhetorica 7 (1989), 261-73.

MOORE, R. I., “Guibert of Nogent and his world”, in Studies in Medieval History Presented to R. H. C. Davies, ed. Henry MAYR-HARTING and R. I. MOORE (London: Hambledon, 1985), pp. 107-17.

PARTNER, Nancy F., “The family romance of Guibert of Nogent: His story/her story”, in Medieval Mothering, ed. John Carmi PARSONS and Bonnie WHEELER (New York: Garland, 1996), pp. 359-79.

STRZELCZYK, Jerzy, “Guibert z Nogent, czyli rodzinno-spoleczne uwarun­kowania zaburzen osobowosci czlowieka sredniowiecznego”, in Czlowiek w spoleczenstwie srednio­wiecznym, ed. Roman MICHALOWSKI et al. (Warszawa: Wydawnictwo DiG, 1997), pp. 237-52.

See also Faber (5.3)

2.1.9. ORDERIC VITALIS

The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, ed. and trans. Marjorie CHIBNALL, 6 vols (Oxford: Clarendon, 1969-80).

CHIBNALL, Marjorie, The World of Orderic Vitalis (Oxford: Clarendon, 1984).

MUSSET, Lucien, “L’horizon géographique, moral et intellectuel d’Orderic Vital, historien anglo-normand”, in La Chronique et l’histoire au Moyen Age, ed. Daniel POIRION (Paris: Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 1984), 101-22.

2.1.10. PETER TUDEBODE

Historia de Hierosolymitano itinere, ed. John H. HILL and Laurita L. HILL (Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1977).

Historia de Hierosolymitano itinere, trans. John H. HILL and Laurita L. HILL (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1974).

Petri Tudebodi seu Tudebovis sacerdotis Sivracensis historia de Hierosolymitano itinere, RHC Occ. 3: 1-117.

See also France (2.1.1)

2.1.11. RADULPH OF CAEN

Gesta Tancredi in expeditione Hierosolymitana … auctore Radulfo Cadomensi, RHC Occ. 3: 587-716.

BOEHM, Laetitia, “Die Gesta Tancredi des Radulph von Caen: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichts­schreibung der Normannen um 1100”, Historisches Jahrbuch 75 (1956), 47-72.

PAYEN, Jean-Charles, “Une légende épique en gestation: Les Gesta Tancredi de Raoul de Caen”, in La Chanson de Geste et le Mythe carolingien. Mélanges René Louis, ed. Emmanuèle BAUM­GARTNER et al., 2 vols (Saint-Père-sous-Vézelay: n.p., 1982), 2:1051-62.

2.1.12. RAYMOND OF AGUILERS

Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem, ed. and tr. John H. HILL and Laurita L. HILL (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1968).

Le “Liber” de Raymond d’Aguilers, ed. John H. HILL and Laurita L. HILL (Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1969).

Raimundi de Aguilers canonici Podiensis historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem, RHC Occ. 3: 231-309.

FRANCE, John, “A critical edition of the Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem of Raymond of Aguilers” (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Nottingham, 1967).

RICHARD, Jean, “Raymond d’Aguilers, historien de la première croisade”, Journal des Savants 3 (1971), 206-12.

See also France (2.1.1), Auffarth 1989 (5.5.4)

2.1.13. ROBERT THE MONK

Roberti Monachi historia Iherosolimitana, RHC Occ. 3: 717-882.

Historia Hierosolymitana von Robertus Monachus in deutscher Übersetzung, ed. Barbara HAUPT (Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1972).

Robert the Monk’s History of the First Crusade: The Historia Iherosolimitana, trans. Carol SWEETENHAM (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005)

BUCK, Thomas Martin, “Von der Kreuzzugsgeschichte zum Reisebuch: Zur Historia Hierosolymitana des Robertus Monachus”, Deutsche Vierteljahres­schrift für Literatur­wissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte 76 (2002), 321-55.

KRAFT, Friedrich, Heinrich Steinhöwels Verdeutschung der Historia Hiero­soly­mitana des Robertus Monachus: eine literarhistorische Untersuchung (Straßburg: Trübner, 1905).

RUSSO, Luigi, “Ricerche sull’Historia Iherosolimitana”, Studi medievali ser.3,43 (2002), 651-91.

2.1.14. WILLIAM OF MALMESBURY

William of Malmesbury, De Gestis Regum Anglorum, ed. William STUBBS, Roll Series 90, 2 vols (London: HMSO, 1887-89).

Gesta Regum Anglorum, ed. and trans. R. A. B. MYNORS,  Rodney M. THOMSON and M. WINTERBOTTOM, 2 vols (Oxford, forthcoming).

BROOKE, Christopher, “William of Malmesbury as historian and man of letters”, Journal of Eccesiastical History 29 (1978), 387-414.

GRABOIS, Aryeh, “The description of Jerusalem by William of Malmesbury: A mirror of the Holy Land's presence in the Anglo-Norman mind”, in Anglo-Norman Studies, XIII: Proceedings of the Battle Conference, 1990, ed. Marjorie CHIBNALL (Wood­bridge: Boydell & Brewer, 1991), pp. 145-56.

THOMSON, Rodney M., William of Malmesbury (Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, 1987).

THOMSON, Rodney M., “William of Malmesbury, historian of crusade”, Reading Medieval Studies 23 (1997), 121-34.

WINTERBOTTOM, Michael, “The Gesta Regum of William of Malmesbury”, Journal of Medieval Latin 5 (1995), 158-73.

See also Ward 1985 (2.1.6)

2.1.15. WILLIAM OF TYRE

Guillaume de Tyr, Chronique, ed. Robert B. C. HUYGENS, Corpus Christian­orum, Continuatio Mediaevalis, 63-63A, 2 vols (Turnhout: Brepols, 1986).

A History of Deeds done Beyond the Sea by William Archbishop of Tyre, trans. Emily A. BABCOCK and August C. KREY, 2 vols (New York: Columbia University Press, 1943).

Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum edita a venerabili Willermo Tyrensi archiepiscopo, RHC Occ. 1-2.

DAVIS, R. H. C., “William of Tyre”, in Relations Between East and West in the Middle Ages, ed. Derek BAKER (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1973), pp. 64-76.

EDBURY, Peter W.; ROWE, John Gordon, William of Tyre: Historian of the Latin East (Cambridge: CUP, 1988).

FOLDA, Jaroslav, “Manuscripts of the history of Outremer by William of Tyre: A handlist”, Scriptorium 27 (1973), 90-95.

HAMILTON, Bernard, “William of Tyre and the Byzantine Empire”, in Porphyrogenita: Essays on the History and Literature of Byzantium and the Latin East in Honour of Julian Chrysostomides, ed. Charalambos DENDRINOS, Jonathan HARRIS, Eirene HARVALIA-CROOK and Judith HERRIN (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003), pp. 219-33.

HIESTAND, Rudolf, “Zum Leben und zur Laufbahn Wilhelms von Tyrus”, Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 34 (1978), 345-80.

HUYGENS, Robert B. C., “La tradition manuscrite de Guillaume de Tyr”, Studi medievali ser. 3, 5 (1964), 281-373.

HUYGENS, Robert B. C., “Editing William of Tyre”, Sacris Erudiri 27 (1984), 461-73.

HUYGENS, Robert B. C., “Guillaume de Tyr étudiant: un chapître (XIX, 12) de son Histoire retrouvé”, Latomus 21 (1962), 811-29.

KAZHDAN, Alexander; ZABOROV, M. A.,  “Гийом Тирский о составе господствующего класса в Византии (конец XI-XII в.)”, Vizantiiskii Vremmenik 32 (1971), 48-54.

KREY, August C., “William of Tyre: The making of an historian in the Middle Ages”, Speculum 16 (1941), 149-66.

MAYER, Hans Eberhard, “Guillaume de Tyr à l’école”, Mémoires de l’Académie des sciences, arts et belles-lettres de Dijon 117 (1985-86), 257-65.

MAYER, Hans Eberhard, “Zum Tode von Wilhelm von Tyrus”, Archiv für Diplomatik 5-6 (1959-60), 182-201.

MÖHRING, Hannes, “Zu der Geschichte der orientalischen Herrscher des Wilhelm von Tyrus: Die Frage der Quellenabhängigkeiten”, Mittellateinisches Jahr­buch 19 (1984), 170-83.

RÖDIG, Thomas, Zur politischen Ideenwelt Wilhelms von Tyrus (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1990).

SCHWINGES, R., Kreuzzugsideologie und Toleranz: Studien zu Wilhelm von Tyrus (Stuttgart: Hierse­mann, 1977).

VESSEY, David W.T.C., “William of Tyre and the art of historiography”, Mediaeval Studies 35 (1973), 433-55.

2.1.16. OTHER

Metellus von Tegernsee, Expeditio Hierosolymitana, ed. Peter C. JACOBSEN (Stutt­gart: Hiersemann, 1982).

DUPARC-QUIOC, Suzanne,  “Un poème latin du XIIIe siècle sur la première croisade par Gilon de Toucy, augmenté par Fulco”, Les Epopées de la Croisade, pp. 35-49.

FRANCE, John, “The text of the account of the capture of Jerusalem in the Ripoll Manuscript: Bibliothèque nationale (latin) 5128”, English Historical Review 103 (1988), 640-57.

GROCOCK, Chris W., “L’aventure épique: Le traitement poétique de la Première Croisade par Gilon de Paris et son continuateur”, in Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 17-28.

2.1.17. DOCUMENTS

BULL, Marcus, “The diplomatic of the First Crusade”, in The First Crusade: Origins and Impact, pp. 35-54.

HAGENMEYER, Heinrich, “Der Brief der Kreuzfahrer an den Pabst und die abend­­ländische Kirche im Jahre 1099 nach der Schlacht bei Askalon”, Forschungen zur deutschen Geschichte 13 (1873), 400-12.

HAGENMEYER, Heinrich, Epistulae et chartae ad historiam primi belli sacrae spectantes: Die Kreuzzugssbriefe aus den Jahren 1088-1100 (Innsbruck: Wagner’sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, 1901).

MARTÍNEZ GÁZQUEZ, José, “Aciebus ordinatis en la Epist. II A. de Ribodimonte ad M. archiep. Remorum del manuscrito 944 de la Biblioteca de Cataluña”, Medievalia 9 (1990), 161-67.

MAYER, Hans Eberhard, Die Kanzlei der lateinischen Könige von Jerusalem, MGH Schriften, 2 vols (Hannover: Hahn, 1996).

2.2. GREEK SOURCES

2.2.1. ANNA KOMNENE